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lexikon dictionary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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about om, omkring, angående, rörande, för  What's it all about? -Do you read (know, gossip, speak, quibble, care) about things like that?
above ovanför, över, mer än  above par= över det normala, above (over) 20 tons (tonnes), She's completely above suspicion= Hon är höjd över alla misstankar
across mittemot, på andra sidan, på motsatta sidan, tvärs, tvärs över,  vågrät  They live across the street from us. It's always a challenge flying across the Atlantic in a small plane.
after efter 
NB. "look after"= se efter, sköta om
 after a while, after her introduction, one after the other, she took after him, the police were after his mother, 
It's 10 after 2  (AmE)= 10 past 2 (BrE)
against mot, emot, (ev i kontakt med)  Berkeley will play against Pleasanton. Don't lean against this wall!  Are you for or against this proposal?
along * längs med, längs, utmed, efter  Come along! The parade will go along Sir Francis Drake westward.  ...and there were trees along the river bank.
amid under, mitt i det hela  Amid the confusion the runaways escaped, again.
among (amongst) bland, ibland He hid among the bushes. 
around runt, runtom, i närheten av, i omgivningarna av  "Rock around the clock" / "round the clock service" /// Ibland kan här spåras en tendens att "round" är mer ofta än annars en fullbordad cirkel eller rundel medan 'around' är "mer allmänt runt"///
at,  @ vid, hos, hemma hos, på, i (exakt)  Badger Popcorn Co & Supply is (located) at 5513 Femrite in Madison / at 3 pm, at a certain level, at what price, at the very beginning / You can always call him at 222-7712. / at times, at intervals (occasionally) / They are likely to do such things at that age./
before innan, före  before our very eyes, the priest before the altar
He put the cart before the horse.
behind bakom  We were all behind him in finishing the job.
below nedanför, under  She was still standing on the platform, below the closed window.
beneath under 
(bör undvikas utom i omnämnda typ av fall)
 Beneath his cold exterior he is…= Under den kalla ytan är han…  It's beneath her (her dignity)= Det är under hennes värdighet
beside nära, intill  Beside the river there was an old corn farm.
besides utom, förutom  with the exclusion of; excluding; save; but ("They were all there except me.")
between mellan The bus ran regularly between El Paso and San  Francisco.
beyond bortom, utöver  beyond the mountains, beyond comparison
but  * (without)

NB. Not to be confused with the conjunction  'but' !

förutom, utom, annan, annat 
OBS! Ej att förväxla med konjunktionen 'men' ! 
 no one but me (I)
 
She thinks of nothing but making money. 
by av, med, medelst, med hjälp av, pga, enligt, i enlighet med, vid, nära, bredvid  by air, by rail, by law, play by ear, go by bus, by God, lead somebody by the nose,  ready by Friday
concerning rörande, angående, beträffande  Concerning  (regarding, as regards) her  request, we are pleased to inform you that...
despite trots  
down  * ner, ned, nedför, nerför, nedåt, neråt  downwards along, from top to bottom of,  at a lower part of,  down the wind (with it)
during under (om tid)  
except (excepting) utom, förutom, med undantag av  I know nothing about her except that she is a sales person (in sales).
for av, till, åt, för, efter

 

 

'for' uttrycker också riktning mot ett omnämnt mål: 
sailed for Cuba
leave for Boston
left Sweden for Australia

 request, anxious, compete, competition, ask, bargain or beg for   weep for joy= gråta av glädje,   for lack of time= av brist på tid  grope (fumble) for= treva (famla) efter 
 for all I care… 
  I've really longed for you! 
 -This is for you my d.      I have a nose (flair, good ear, memory) for those things. 
  He wouldn't settle for less= Han nöjde sig inte med mindre.     I'll make room for you over here.   I haven't been there for two years.
from från, av,  ifrån, efter, att döma av, det framgår av  He was a good man from birth to death.
in i, om, på (inom, vid tidsuttryck)

 

blind in one eye

in what way

 

It's 20 ft. in length.

 Did he actually jump into the water or was he simply jumping in the water like a madman? 
 She deals in fabrics= Hon handlar med tyger (textilier).
  I'll go back in two weeks from now.
  …in due time, …in due course= in the proper or natural order, at the right time // 
  In those days...=På den tiden... ("in a while crocodile")
inside inuti, i, "inombords"  He felt sick inside.
into in i, ned i
 

till: translate from one language into another

 Don't jump into the water when it's frozen,  or you might kill yourself.
 Sometimes it is possible to translate English into Swedish and still make sense.
like som 
  (It would be like him... = Det  vore likt honom...) (likt, lik)
 in like manner with= similarly to, in the manner characteristic of, "to work like a beaver"
near nära  near the edge, near death
of av  (OBS! många gånger används 'of' i en genitivkstr som svenskan saknar)  kind (nice, good, unwise) of you to help, the color of her hair, he's of medium height, least of all 
off av (avbruten, itu, avstigen, avskild från  etc), bort från, ur  Get off the bus!  -He broke off my left forefinger. …that's off Van Ness Ave
on på, ovanpå, vid, i, tvärtom, tvärtemot, motsatt 

He'd been hit on the head more than once already at an early age.

She was waiting on customers at Sam's in Tiburon  when I met her.

 Come late on Friday! It's on the 21st. 
  on the face of it= av första intrycket att döma 
 on religious grounds= av religiösa skäl 
on principle= av princip 
 on time= punctually, for a designated period, involving the extension of credit 
 (to purchase on time)
  on the contrary
onto upp (sitta upp)  to a place or position on; upon; on; "to get onto a horse"
out She ran out the door.
outside utanför  Let's just put the garbage outside the door.
 As he wasn't very popular, he was always outside the group.
over  *

 

Stay over Christmas

rule, reign, prevail over

 

cry over, trip over

the struggle/dispute  (disagreement) over the West Bank

över, före, framför, under


 Stanna över julen

härska, regera (triumfera), få övertaget över

gråta över, snava (snubbla) över

kampen/tvisten (oenigheten) om Västbanken

 have (take) precedence over= ha företräde framför, gain an advantage or edge over (on)= vinna en fördel framför
 She went over her notes= Hon gick igenom sina anteckningar.
 Over the last couple of years… =Under de senaste åren… 
 What in the world has come over you? Vad i hela världen har det tagit åt dig?
past (time or position) efter, förbi  10 past 2 / 10 after 2; It's after midnight / It's past midnight (beyond in time & after; beyond in position & further on than)
per  per capita  (per each)
per annum (annually)
 "Give me 200 @ $2.50 ea (each)" // OBS! Jfr svenskan!
regarding beträffande, rörande  Regarding  (concerning) your inquiry...
save (except, but) utom  forty stripes save one
since sedan -I've been around since 1949. 
through genom

She left through my bedroom window just before dawn.

 through thick & thin= under all conditions
(= i alla lägen, i vått som torrt) 
throughout överallt i,  hela...igenom  throughout the 19th century; throughout her life; throughout the day; throughout the world
till  * (up to, as late as)

NB. Not to be confused with the conjunction or noun!

till

OBS! Icke att förväxla med konjunktionen eller substantivet 'till'!

 waited till his return,  till death do us part
to  ( @ )

 

 

 

 

NB. 'to' also used as sign of infinitive

 

till, enligt, på

 

 

 

 

OBS! Blanda icke ihop prepositionen 'to' med infinitivmärket
 
'to' =  att

 

 I'm going to La Mesilla on Thursday./ owing to= på grund av / say goodbye to sb 
 A serious drawing must be made to scale. You draw a house to scale. 
 
 married to= gift med  älska  med, ligga med, ha samlag med= make love to (with) 
  related to= släkt med  pay attention to= visa hänsyn mot (ta hänsyn till) 
  the solution to my problem/ 
toward (towards) mot, i riktning mot  He's walking toward the liquor store. His visit will improve their attitudes toward abortion.
until förrän, till, tills  
under  * under (icke om tid) 
 Se vidare 'during'
 Under the circumstances… Under the table…
underneath inunder, under  The invoice had been pushed underneath the rug in front of the open fireplace by mistake.
up upp  
upon uppå, på, vid,   up and on; upward so as to get or be on; in an elevated position on; on in any of various senses 
with,  w/ med, av, på  He was faced with bankruptcy = Han stod inför bankrutt (konkurs) ekonomisk katastrof. / älska med, ligga med, ha samlag med= sleep with / tremble with fear/ angry with
within inom  "Be there within the hour!"
without,  w/o utan  "She was without any doubt the most gracious little creature you ever saw!" // Look, the streaker! He's without clothes.//
       
according to enligt, i enlighet med  according to the documents/ in accordance with the documents
ahead of framför (i  t ex en kö), före (också i betydelsen att vara bättre och då som adverb)  He's way ahead of me; They are up ahead; NB She's ahead of her class.
along with    in company with, in conjunction with
as for / as to beträffande, vad gäller  with respect to / See 'because'
aside from bortsett från, frånsett  excluding, apart from, except for
away from    NB. away from= absent (=adjective) 
 She swam gracefully away from the pier.
because of    Because of these allegations… / Because of this weather…
by means of med, med hjälp av, genom någons försorg  the instrumentality of
by way of  

 


Han nickade på huvudet till svar.

 by way of joke,
 be by way of knowing everybody
(profess or be supposed to) 
 He nodded his head by way of (an) answer.
contrary to tvärtemot, motsatt contrary to order 
down from    She dropped down from the roof of the bus to the ground.
down to    After paying for the snacks he was down to his last nickel.
due to p g a, på grund av  (genom)  due to circumstances
exclusive of förutom, utom (exklusive)  
for fear of av rädsla för  for fear of losing my life
for the sake of    for the sake of liberty= för frihetens skull
in accordance with enligt, i enlighet med, i överenstämmelse  med  
in addition to förutom, "uppepå detta"  in additon to VAT there's a particular local sales tax re. liquor
in back of bak, i bakdelen av, i bakre delen av, bakom  
in behalf of    
in case of  ifall, om, i händelse av, i den händelse  
in favor of för, rösta för, positiv till, till fördel för  I'm in favor of production based taxes 
in front of framför, mitt för, mitt utanför  
in regard to    
in spite of trots  We're glad we went, in spite of what we saw.
in view of med tanke på  In view of all Internet sites lacking  their own capital and assets, I can't find any single reason  spilling more milk...
 In view of  the European development re. beef  and the farming industry, we should really put our money elsewhere.
on account of    because of, by reason of, for the sake of, 
 a statement of transactions
out of ut  ur, ur, fram (ta fram etc), utan  He pulled a gun out of his vest pocket. He's out of work.
out with    He had a falling out with her father over money matters.
owing to på grund av,  p g a,  p.g.a.  
pertaining to hänförande till  
regardless of oavsett  regardless of race, color and creed…
with reference to med hänvisning till, hänvisande till  
with regard  to beträffande  
with respect to med hänsyn till  
with the exception of med undantaget, undantaget  
 

orsak (=reason, cause, why):  by, due to, for, from, in, of, on, out of, owing to, though, with
byte, utbyte, växling (=change, exchange, replacement): for, on, with
riktning & rörelse (=direction, aim,  motion, going or moving where etc): across, along, at, by, down, for, from, in, into, off, on, out of, over, past, through, to, towards, up
avsikt, syfte, ändamål (=purpose & intention): for, in, on, with
AmE * on the weekend BrE * at the weekend
AmE * in a city, town or village and in a  country 
 but at a certain place
BrE * at a city, town or village   and at a certain place but in large cities & countries
AmE * in a city, town or village BrE * at a city, town or village
AmE * on a team BrE * in a team
AmE * please write me soon BrE * please write to me soon

 

IMPORTANT
Det finns enkla och sammansatta prepositioner. Ibland hänvisas i grammatisk facklitteratur till 'Single' or 'Simple Prepositions' & 'Compound' eller 'Complex Prepositions'. Har du för avsikt att ägna särskild tid och kraft åt studier av prepositioner så bör du vara bevandrad i terminologin alternativt du kommer inte att få ett tillräckligt underlag för en fördjupning i ämnet. Svensk litteratur i ämnet engelska med inriktning på prepositioner är inte alltid särskilt uttömmande ur engelsk synpunkt. 

There are single (simple) and compound (complex) prepositions. Make sure you are aware of the  terminology. Complex (compound) prepositions consist of two- or three-word combinations acting as a single unit.
Look at these 2-word combination examples: according to, along with, apart from, because of, contrary to, due to, except for, instead of, prior to, regardless of.
3-word combinations  might look like this: Single (Simple) Preposition + Noun + Single (Simple) Preposition.
Examples: in aid of, on behalf of, in front of, in accordance with, in line with, in relation to, with reference to, with respect to, by means of. These combinations also come before a noun.   

A Stranded Preposition is simply a preposition left a bit off-side: 
 Those are the cars Henry talked about.
That's the incident with the tail-light Andrea thought of.